Inferno | |
---|---|
Directed by | Ron Howard |
Produced by |
|
Screenplay by | David Koepp |
Based on | Inferno by Dan Brown |
Starring | |
Music by | Hans Zimmer |
Cinematography | Salvatore Totino |
Edited by | |
Production companies | |
Distributed by | Columbia Pictures |
Release date |
|
121 minutes[1] | |
Country | United States |
Language | English |
Budget | $75 million[2] |
Box office | $220 million[2] |
Inferno is a 2016 American mysteryactionthriller film directed by Ron Howard and written by David Koepp, based on the 2013 novel of the same name by Dan Brown. The film is the sequel to The Da Vinci Code (2006) and Angels & Demons (2009), and is the third and final installment in the Robert Langdon film series. It stars Tom Hanks, reprising his role as Robert Langdon, alongside Felicity Jones, Omar Sy, Sidse Babett Knudsen, Ben Foster, and Irrfan Khan. Together with the previous film, it remains Hanks' only live-action sequel.
Filming began on April 27, 2015, in Venice, Italy, and wrapped on July 21, 2015, in Budapest. The film premiered in Florence on October 9, 2016, and was released in the United States on October 28, 2016, ten years after release of The Da Vinci Code, in 2D and IMAX formats.[3] The film received generally negative reviews from critics, but grossed $220 million against a production budget of $75 million.[4][2]
- 3Production
- 4Release
Plot[edit]
Harvard University professor Robert Langdon awakens in a hospital room in Florence, Italy, with no memory of what has transpired over the last few days, but being plagued with hellish visions. Dr. Sienna Brooks, one of the doctors tending to him, reveals that he is suffering from amnesia as a result of a bullet wound to the head. Another doctor says the police are there to question Langdon but the officer turns out to be Vayentha, an assassin, who shoots the doctor while heading down the hall. Sienna helps Langdon to escape, and they flee to her apartment.
Among Langdon's personal belongings, Langdon and Sienna find a Faraday pointer, a miniature image projector with a modified version of Sandro Botticelli's Map of Hell, which itself is based on Dante's Inferno. They soon realize this is the first clue in a trail left by Bertrand Zobrist, a dangerously unstable billionaire geneticist who believed that rigorous measures were necessary to reduce the Earth's growing population, and who committed suicide three days earlier after being chased by armed government agents.
Langdon and Sienna figure out that Zobrist, who was obsessed with Dante, has created a viral superweapon he has dubbed 'Inferno', with the potential of annihilating half the world's population. In the meantime, they have been traced by both Vayentha and agents from the World Health Organization (WHO), who try to raid the apartment, forcing them to flee again. The WHO agents are headed by Elizabeth Sinskey, an old lover of Langdon's, and are trying to prevent the release of the virus. Vayentha reports to her employer Harry Sims, the CEO of a private security company called 'The Consortium', who is acting on behalf of Zobrist, who gives her instructions to kill Langdon as he had become a liability.
Langdon's knowledge of Dante's work and history, and of hidden passages in Florence, allows the two to follow clues such as letters and phrases which lead to various locations in Florence and Venice, while inadvertently killing Vayentha and evading the WHO. Along the way, Langdon discovers that he helped a friend of his steal and hide the Dante death mask, a crucial clue, an event he also does not remember. Zobrist had provided Sims with a video message about the virus, to be broadcast after it has been released. Shocked by its content, Sims allies with Sinskey to prevent the outbreak. However, Langdon and Sienna are contacted by Christoph Bouchard, a man purporting to be working for WHO, warning them that Sinskey has a double agenda and is after the Inferno virus for her own profit. The three cooperate for a while, until Langdon realizes that Bouchard is lying and seeking to profit from Inferno himself, forcing the duo to flee on their own again.
Langdon figures out that the virus is in the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul. With that knowledge, Sienna abandons Langdon, revealing that she was Zobrist's lover and that she will ensure the release of the virus. Zobrist and Sienna used to play treasure hunt games; this trail was the backup plan in case something happened to Zobrist. Langdon is recaptured by Bouchard, but Sims kills Bouchard and rescues Langdon, who then re-teams with Sinskey, who asked him for help in interpreting the imagery from the Faraday pointer. Sims reveals he was hired by Sienna to kidnap Langdon when Zobrist had been killed, and drugged with benzodiazepine to induce a memory loss; the events in the hospital were all staged.
They realize the virus is in a plastic bag hidden under water in the Basilica Cistern in Istanbul. The WHO team – joined by Langdon, Sims, and Sinskey – race to locate and secure the bag, while Sienna and her allies attempt to detonate an explosive that will rupture the bag and aerosolize the virus. Sims is killed by Sienna, and when Langdon confronts her, she attempts to release the virus by triggering a suicide bombing. The detonation is able to rupture the bag but because it was already contained in a special containment unit, the virus was secured in time, and after struggling in vain against Sinskey and Langdon to destroy the container, Sienna's allies are killed. The virus is then taken by WHO, and Langdon goes back to Florence in order to return the Dante Death Mask.
Cast[edit]
- Tom Hanks as Dr. Robert Langdon, a professor of symbology at Harvard University.[5]
- Felicity Jones as Dr. Sienna Brooks, a doctor who helps Langdon escape.[6]
- Omar Sy as Christoph Bouchard, head of the SRS team (Surveillance and Response Support), of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control.[6]
- Ben Foster as Bertrand Zobrist, a transhumanist scientist, intent on solving the world's overpopulation problem.[7][8]
- Sidse Babett Knudsen as Elizabeth Sinskey, head of the World Health Organization.[6]
- Irrfan Khan as Harry 'The Provost' Sims, head of The Consortium, helping Zobrist in his mission.[6]
- Paul Ritter as CRC Tech Arbogast, right hand man to Sims.
- Ana Ularu as Vayentha, The Consortium's agent in Florence who has orders to follow Langdon.[8]
Production[edit]
On July 16, 2013, Columbia Pictures set Ron Howard to direct Dan Brown's fourth novel in the Robert Langdon series, Inferno, with David Koepp writing the script.[9]Imagine Entertainment was set to produce the film, while Tom Hanks was again set to reprise his role as Robert Langdon.[9] On August 26, 2014, Sony had finalized the deal with Howard and Hanks, and set the film for April start of production in Italy.[5]Brian Grazer was also set to produce the film with Howard.[5]
On December 2, Felicity Jones was in early talks to join the film.[10] On February 17, 2015, studio revealed the confirmed cast for the film, including Jones as Dr. Sienna Brooks, Omar Sy as Christoph Bruder, Irrfan Khan as Harry 'The Provost' Sims, and Sidse Babett Knudsen as Elizabeth Sinskey, head of the World Health Organization.[6]Ben Foster was set for an unspecified villainous role on March 10, 2015, which later revealed to be the role of Bertrand Zobrist.[7]
Filming[edit]
Filming began on April 27, 2015, in Venice, Italy,[11] and continued in Florence, Italy, starting at the end of April. Outdoor scenes featuring Hanks were filmed near the Palazzo Vecchio and elsewhere in the historic center of the city, starting on May 2, 2015. Some second unit stunts were filmed at an apartment building close to the Ponte Vecchio, in Florence. Low-flying aerial shots of Florence landmarks, its river and bridges were filmed on May 11, 2015.[12] A sequence displayed in an early trailer features a Padova railway station sign, but locals immediately recognized the scene as recreated somewhere else.[13] As of June 5, 2015, most of the film was planned to be shot in Budapest, Hungary at Korda Studios.[14] Filming wrapped on July 21, 2015.[15]
During location filming, its production codename was 'Headache', a reference to a concussion suffered by Langdon early in the story.[12][16]
Release[edit]
In July 2013, Sony set the film a release date for December 18, 2015.[9] However, due to the date clash with Star Wars: The Force Awakens, the release date was moved to October 14, 2016.[17] In early 2016, the release date was pushed back two more weeks to October 28, 2016.[18] It was released in both 2D and 3D formats.[19]
On May 9, 2016, Sony Pictures released the first teaser trailer for the film.[20] The film premiered in Florence, Italy on October 8, 2016, at the New Opera Theater[21] and also held a premiere in India on October 13, 2016, due to the popularity of actor Irrfan Khan.[22]
Box office[edit]
Inferno grossed $34.3 million in the United States and Canada and $185.7 million in other countries for a worldwide total of $220 million, against a production budget of $75 million.[2]
In the United States and Canada, Inferno was initially expected to top the box office with around $25 million from 3,546 theaters in its opening weekend.[23][24] It made $800,000 from Thursday night previews and $5.6 million on its first day, lowering weekend projections to $15 million. It ended up opening to $14.9 million, finishing second at the box office behind Boo! A Madea Halloween and marked the fourth straight domestic disappointment for director Ron Howard.[25]
Internationally, the film was released two weeks ahead of its North American debut, across 53 overseas markets (about 66% of its total international market) in order to avoid competition from Disney/Marvel Studios' Doctor Strange. It finished at first place at the box office in 45 of those countries. In total, it opened to $49.7 million, of which $2.6 million came from IMAX theaters, the second biggest amount of October.[26][27] It fell 49% in its second weekend, earning $28.9 million from 58 markets and was surpassed by Jack Reacher: Never Go Back at the chart.[28] Italy, where the film was partly shot, delivered the biggest opening with $5 million. This was followed by Germany ($4.4 million), where it competed for No. 1 with the animated Finding Dory. Russia similarly opened to $4.4 million, followed by the United Kingdom and Ireland ($3.8 million), Spain ($2 million) and the Netherlands ($1.2 million).[26]Inferno's £2.97 million debut in the U.K. is considerably less than the first (£9.50 million) and the second film (£6.05 million).[29] In Latin America, the film debuted in first in all 11 markets, earning a combined $9 million. Brazil led with $4 million, followed by Mexico ($2.6 million).[26] Similarly in South East Asia, it saw top openings in six out of seven markets for a combined $6 million. Japan ($3.3 million), Taiwan ($1.7 million), India ($1.9 million) and Indonesia ($1 million) posted the biggest debuts.[26] In China, it opened at number one with $13.3 million.[30] In the Oceania region, Australia launched with $1.8 million. Inferno opened to number one across the Middle East for a regional total of $1.8 million.[26] The film opened in Franceon November 9 and grossed $24.3 million on its opening weekend.[31]
Critical reception[edit]
Inferno received generally negative reviews from critics.[32] On Rotten Tomatoes, a review aggregator, the film has an approval rating of 23% based on 239 reviews; the average rating is 4.6/10. The website's critical consensus reads, 'Senselessly frantic and altogether shallow, Inferno sends the Robert Langdon trilogy spiraling to a convoluted new low.'[33] On Metacritic, the film has a score of 42 out of 100 based on 47 critics, indicating 'mixed or average reviews'.[34] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of 'B+' on an A+ to F scale.[35]
British film critic Mark Kermode gave the film a negative review, calling it, 'intergalactically stupid'.[36] Cinema Blend wrote Inferno is 'insufferable. And while you're obviously meant to take Inferno with a dash of salt, it's so preposterously stupid and dumb that this rancid popcorn flick becomes increasingly nauseating the further you taste.'[37]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^'Inferno (12A)'. British Board of Film Classification. July 15, 2016. Retrieved July 15, 2016.
- ^ abcd'Inferno (2016)'. Box Office Mojo. Retrieved January 10, 2017.
- ^'Inferno'. www.imax.com.
- ^'Was Inferno a Box Office Success?'. Screen Rant. November 17, 2016. Retrieved April 11, 2017.
- ^ abcFleming Jr, Mike (August 26, 2014). 'Sony Pictures Locks Tom Hanks, Ron Howard For April 'Inferno' Start'. Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved May 4, 2015.
- ^ abcdeHipes, Patrick (February 17, 2015). 'Robert Langdon Pic 'Inferno' Adds Omar Sy & More As Cast Goes Global'. Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved February 18, 2015.
- ^ abKit, Borys (March 10, 2015). 'Ben Foster Joining Tom Hanks in 'Inferno' (Exclusive)'. The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved May 4, 2015.
- ^ ab''Da Vinci Code' Sequel 'Inferno' Starring Tom Hanks Starts Filming In Italy: See Behind-The-Scenes PHOTOS'. Fashion & Style. Archived from the original on July 16, 2015. Retrieved June 7, 2015.
- ^ abcKilday, Gregg (July 16, 2013). 'Sony Sets Release Date for Film Adaptation of Dan Brown's 'Inferno''. The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved May 4, 2015.
- ^Jaafar, Ali (December 2, 2014). 'Felicity Jones In Early Talks To Join 'Inferno' With Tom Hanks'. Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved December 7, 2014.
- ^Lesnick, Silas (April 27, 2015). 'Production Begins on Ron Howard's Da Vinci Code Sequel, Inferno'. ComingSoon.net. Retrieved April 28, 2015.
- ^ ab'Inferno, riprese in città: attenzione c'è il 'rischio' di finire nel film' [Inferno, location shooting in the city: beware of 'risk' of ending up in the film]. Firenze Today (in Italian). May 7, 2015. Retrieved May 13, 2015.
- ^'Tom Hanks inseguito in stazione? Non è Padova quella in 'Inferno'' [Tom Hanks chased in Padua's train station? That's not Padua]. Il Mattino di Padova (in Italian). May 11, 2016. Retrieved May 11, 2016.
- ^'Tom Hanks To Move To Budapest For Shooting Of New Movie 'Inferno''. Hungary Today. January 16, 2015. Retrieved June 5, 2015.
- ^Ron Howard [@RealRonHoward] (July 21, 2015). 'Wrapped #InfernoMovie and now heading into the editing rooms. #TomHanks #FelicityJones & Co were a blast pic.twitter.com/QKM1U2TLII' (Tweet). Retrieved July 27, 2015 – via Twitter.
- ^'San Marco torna set cinematografico Ron Howard dirige Tom Hanks' [San Marco back film set Ron Howard directs Tom Hanks]. Il Gazzettino (in Italian). April 27, 2015. Retrieved May 13, 2015.
- ^Sneider, Jeff (October 9, 2014). 'Tom Hanks, Ron Howard's 'Inferno' Moves Off 'Star Wars: Episode VII' Release Date'. TheWrap. Retrieved May 4, 2015.
- ^Gallagher, Brian (February 17, 2016). ''The Ring' Sequel 'Rings' Gets a New Halloween Release Date'. MovieWeb. Retrieved March 14, 2016.
- ^'October 2016 Releases'. Film Distributors' Association. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
- ^Sony Pictures Entertainment (May 9, 2016), INFERNO - Teaser Trailer (HD), retrieved May 10, 2016
- ^FOTI, TITTI GIULIANI (October 8, 2016). 'Cinema: Inferno, red carpet stile Hollywood a Firenze, Tom Hanks superstar / FOTO - La Nazione'.
- ^Team, Fabnewz (September 29, 2016). ''Inferno' to Release in India First, Due to Irrfan Khan's Popularity'.
- ^'Will 'Madea' Kick 'Jack Reacher' In The Shins? – Box Office Preview'. Deadline Hollywood.
- ^'Box Office: Tom Hanks' 'Inferno' Looks to Ignite With $25 Million Debut'. Variety.
- ^''Inferno' Takes on the World Series as 'Doctor Strange' Debuts Overseas'. Box Office Mojo.
- ^ abcdeNancy Tartaglione (October 16, 2016). ''Inferno' Ignites With $50M Offshore; 'Miss Peregrine' Tops $130M – Intl Box Office'. Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved October 17, 2016.
- ^Pamela McClintock (October 30, 2016). 'Weekend Box Office: 'Inferno' Loses to 'Madea' in Stunning Halloween Upset'. The Hollywood Reporter.
- ^Nancy Tartaglione (October 23, 2016). ''Jack Reacher' Cuffs $31M; 'Girl', 'Inferno', 'Peregrine' At Milestones – Intl Box Office'. Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved October 24, 2016.
- ^Charles Gant (October 18, 2016). 'The Girl on the Train still UK's top ticket as Bridget Jones's Baby makes history'. The Guardian. London. Retrieved October 19, 2016.
- ^Nancy Tartaglione (October 30, 2016). ''Doctor Strange' Brews $86M In Overseas Bow; Tops Comps, Sets IMAX Records – International Box Office Update'. Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
- ^'France and Algeria, Monaco, Morocco and Tunisia Box Office Index'. Box Office Mojo. IMDb. 2018. Retrieved May 28, 2018.
- ^''Inferno' Critical Roundup: Reviewers Unimpressed With 'Fantastically Boring' Thriller'. IndieWire.
- ^'Inferno (2016)'. Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango Media. Retrieved May 23, 2019.
- ^'Inferno Reviews'. Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved October 28, 2016.
- ^'CinemaScore'. Retrieved November 17, 2016.
- ^'Inferno reviewed by Mark Kermode'. YouTube. October 14, 2016. Retrieved October 14, 2016.
- ^'Inferno is preposterously stupid'. Cinema Blend. October 30, 2016. Retrieved October 30, 2016.
External links[edit]
- Inferno on IMDb
- Inferno at AllMovie
- Inferno at Box Office Mojo
- Inferno at Rotten Tomatoes
- Inferno at Metacritic
- Inferno at the TCM Movie Database
Inferno | |
---|---|
Directed by | Ron Howard |
Produced by |
|
Screenplay by | David Koepp |
Based on | Inferno by Dan Brown |
Starring | |
Music by | Hans Zimmer |
Cinematography | Salvatore Totino |
Edited by | |
Production companies | |
Distributed by | Columbia Pictures |
Release date |
|
121 minutes[1] | |
Country | United States |
Language | English |
Budget | $75 million[2] |
Box office | $220 million[2] |
Inferno is a 2016 American mysteryactionthriller film directed by Ron Howard and written by David Koepp, based on the 2013 novel of the same name by Dan Brown. The film is the sequel to The Da Vinci Code (2006) and Angels & Demons (2009), and is the third and final installment in the Robert Langdon film series. It stars Tom Hanks, reprising his role as Robert Langdon, alongside Felicity Jones, Omar Sy, Sidse Babett Knudsen, Ben Foster, and Irrfan Khan. Together with the previous film, it remains Hanks' only live-action sequel.
Filming began on April 27, 2015, in Venice, Italy, and wrapped on July 21, 2015, in Budapest. The film premiered in Florence on October 9, 2016, and was released in the United States on October 28, 2016, ten years after release of The Da Vinci Code, in 2D and IMAX formats.[3] The film received generally negative reviews from critics, but grossed $220 million against a production budget of $75 million.[4][2]
- 3Production
- 4Release
Plot[edit]
Harvard University professor Robert Langdon awakens in a hospital room in Florence, Italy, with no memory of what has transpired over the last few days, but being plagued with hellish visions. Dr. Sienna Brooks, one of the doctors tending to him, reveals that he is suffering from amnesia as a result of a bullet wound to the head. Another doctor says the police are there to question Langdon but the officer turns out to be Vayentha, an assassin, who shoots the doctor while heading down the hall. Sienna helps Langdon to escape, and they flee to her apartment.
Among Langdon's personal belongings, Langdon and Sienna find a Faraday pointer, a miniature image projector with a modified version of Sandro Botticelli's Map of Hell, which itself is based on Dante's Inferno. They soon realize this is the first clue in a trail left by Bertrand Zobrist, a dangerously unstable billionaire geneticist who believed that rigorous measures were necessary to reduce the Earth's growing population, and who committed suicide three days earlier after being chased by armed government agents.
Langdon and Sienna figure out that Zobrist, who was obsessed with Dante, has created a viral superweapon he has dubbed 'Inferno', with the potential of annihilating half the world's population. In the meantime, they have been traced by both Vayentha and agents from the World Health Organization (WHO), who try to raid the apartment, forcing them to flee again. The WHO agents are headed by Elizabeth Sinskey, an old lover of Langdon's, and are trying to prevent the release of the virus. Vayentha reports to her employer Harry Sims, the CEO of a private security company called 'The Consortium', who is acting on behalf of Zobrist, who gives her instructions to kill Langdon as he had become a liability.
Langdon's knowledge of Dante's work and history, and of hidden passages in Florence, allows the two to follow clues such as letters and phrases which lead to various locations in Florence and Venice, while inadvertently killing Vayentha and evading the WHO. Along the way, Langdon discovers that he helped a friend of his steal and hide the Dante death mask, a crucial clue, an event he also does not remember. Zobrist had provided Sims with a video message about the virus, to be broadcast after it has been released. Shocked by its content, Sims allies with Sinskey to prevent the outbreak. However, Langdon and Sienna are contacted by Christoph Bouchard, a man purporting to be working for WHO, warning them that Sinskey has a double agenda and is after the Inferno virus for her own profit. The three cooperate for a while, until Langdon realizes that Bouchard is lying and seeking to profit from Inferno himself, forcing the duo to flee on their own again.
Langdon figures out that the virus is in the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul. With that knowledge, Sienna abandons Langdon, revealing that she was Zobrist's lover and that she will ensure the release of the virus. Zobrist and Sienna used to play treasure hunt games; this trail was the backup plan in case something happened to Zobrist. Langdon is recaptured by Bouchard, but Sims kills Bouchard and rescues Langdon, who then re-teams with Sinskey, who asked him for help in interpreting the imagery from the Faraday pointer. Sims reveals he was hired by Sienna to kidnap Langdon when Zobrist had been killed, and drugged with benzodiazepine to induce a memory loss; the events in the hospital were all staged.
They realize the virus is in a plastic bag hidden under water in the Basilica Cistern in Istanbul. The WHO team – joined by Langdon, Sims, and Sinskey – race to locate and secure the bag, while Sienna and her allies attempt to detonate an explosive that will rupture the bag and aerosolize the virus. Sims is killed by Sienna, and when Langdon confronts her, she attempts to release the virus by triggering a suicide bombing. The detonation is able to rupture the bag but because it was already contained in a special containment unit, the virus was secured in time, and after struggling in vain against Sinskey and Langdon to destroy the container, Sienna's allies are killed. The virus is then taken by WHO, and Langdon goes back to Florence in order to return the Dante Death Mask.
Cast[edit]
- Tom Hanks as Dr. Robert Langdon, a professor of symbology at Harvard University.[5]
- Felicity Jones as Dr. Sienna Brooks, a doctor who helps Langdon escape.[6]
- Omar Sy as Christoph Bouchard, head of the SRS team (Surveillance and Response Support), of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control.[6]
- Ben Foster as Bertrand Zobrist, a transhumanist scientist, intent on solving the world's overpopulation problem.[7][8]
- Sidse Babett Knudsen as Elizabeth Sinskey, head of the World Health Organization.[6]
- Irrfan Khan as Harry 'The Provost' Sims, head of The Consortium, helping Zobrist in his mission.[6]
- Paul Ritter as CRC Tech Arbogast, right hand man to Sims.
- Ana Ularu as Vayentha, The Consortium's agent in Florence who has orders to follow Langdon.[8]
Production[edit]
On July 16, 2013, Columbia Pictures set Ron Howard to direct Dan Brown's fourth novel in the Robert Langdon series, Inferno, with David Koepp writing the script.[9]Imagine Entertainment was set to produce the film, while Tom Hanks was again set to reprise his role as Robert Langdon.[9] On August 26, 2014, Sony had finalized the deal with Howard and Hanks, and set the film for April start of production in Italy.[5]Brian Grazer was also set to produce the film with Howard.[5]
On December 2, Felicity Jones was in early talks to join the film.[10] On February 17, 2015, studio revealed the confirmed cast for the film, including Jones as Dr. Sienna Brooks, Omar Sy as Christoph Bruder, Irrfan Khan as Harry 'The Provost' Sims, and Sidse Babett Knudsen as Elizabeth Sinskey, head of the World Health Organization.[6]Ben Foster was set for an unspecified villainous role on March 10, 2015, which later revealed to be the role of Bertrand Zobrist.[7]
Filming[edit]
Filming began on April 27, 2015, in Venice, Italy,[11] and continued in Florence, Italy, starting at the end of April. Outdoor scenes featuring Hanks were filmed near the Palazzo Vecchio and elsewhere in the historic center of the city, starting on May 2, 2015. Some second unit stunts were filmed at an apartment building close to the Ponte Vecchio, in Florence. Low-flying aerial shots of Florence landmarks, its river and bridges were filmed on May 11, 2015.[12] A sequence displayed in an early trailer features a Padova railway station sign, but locals immediately recognized the scene as recreated somewhere else.[13] As of June 5, 2015, most of the film was planned to be shot in Budapest, Hungary at Korda Studios.[14] Filming wrapped on July 21, 2015.[15]
During location filming, its production codename was 'Headache', a reference to a concussion suffered by Langdon early in the story.[12][16]
Release[edit]
In July 2013, Sony set the film a release date for December 18, 2015.[9] However, due to the date clash with Star Wars: The Force Awakens, the release date was moved to October 14, 2016.[17] In early 2016, the release date was pushed back two more weeks to October 28, 2016.[18] It was released in both 2D and 3D formats.[19]
On May 9, 2016, Sony Pictures released the first teaser trailer for the film.[20] The film premiered in Florence, Italy on October 8, 2016, at the New Opera Theater[21] and also held a premiere in India on October 13, 2016, due to the popularity of actor Irrfan Khan.[22]
Box office[edit]
Inferno grossed $34.3 million in the United States and Canada and $185.7 million in other countries for a worldwide total of $220 million, against a production budget of $75 million.[2]
In the United States and Canada, Inferno was initially expected to top the box office with around $25 million from 3,546 theaters in its opening weekend.[23][24] It made $800,000 from Thursday night previews and $5.6 million on its first day, lowering weekend projections to $15 million. It ended up opening to $14.9 million, finishing second at the box office behind Boo! A Madea Halloween and marked the fourth straight domestic disappointment for director Ron Howard.[25]
Internationally, the film was released two weeks ahead of its North American debut, across 53 overseas markets (about 66% of its total international market) in order to avoid competition from Disney/Marvel Studios' Doctor Strange. It finished at first place at the box office in 45 of those countries. In total, it opened to $49.7 million, of which $2.6 million came from IMAX theaters, the second biggest amount of October.[26][27] It fell 49% in its second weekend, earning $28.9 million from 58 markets and was surpassed by Jack Reacher: Never Go Back at the chart.[28] Italy, where the film was partly shot, delivered the biggest opening with $5 million. This was followed by Germany ($4.4 million), where it competed for No. 1 with the animated Finding Dory. Russia similarly opened to $4.4 million, followed by the United Kingdom and Ireland ($3.8 million), Spain ($2 million) and the Netherlands ($1.2 million).[26]Inferno's £2.97 million debut in the U.K. is considerably less than the first (£9.50 million) and the second film (£6.05 million).[29] In Latin America, the film debuted in first in all 11 markets, earning a combined $9 million. Brazil led with $4 million, followed by Mexico ($2.6 million).[26] Similarly in South East Asia, it saw top openings in six out of seven markets for a combined $6 million. Japan ($3.3 million), Taiwan ($1.7 million), India ($1.9 million) and Indonesia ($1 million) posted the biggest debuts.[26] In China, it opened at number one with $13.3 million.[30] In the Oceania region, Australia launched with $1.8 million. Inferno opened to number one across the Middle East for a regional total of $1.8 million.[26] The film opened in Franceon November 9 and grossed $24.3 million on its opening weekend.[31]
Critical reception[edit]
Inferno received generally negative reviews from critics.[32] On Rotten Tomatoes, a review aggregator, the film has an approval rating of 23% based on 239 reviews; the average rating is 4.6/10. The website's critical consensus reads, 'Senselessly frantic and altogether shallow, Inferno sends the Robert Langdon trilogy spiraling to a convoluted new low.'[33] On Metacritic, the film has a score of 42 out of 100 based on 47 critics, indicating 'mixed or average reviews'.[34] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of 'B+' on an A+ to F scale.[35]
British film critic Mark Kermode gave the film a negative review, calling it, 'intergalactically stupid'.[36] Cinema Blend wrote Inferno is 'insufferable. And while you're obviously meant to take Inferno with a dash of salt, it's so preposterously stupid and dumb that this rancid popcorn flick becomes increasingly nauseating the further you taste.'[37]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^'Inferno (12A)'. British Board of Film Classification. July 15, 2016. Retrieved July 15, 2016.
- ^ abcd'Inferno (2016)'. Box Office Mojo. Retrieved January 10, 2017.
- ^'Inferno'. www.imax.com.
- ^'Was Inferno a Box Office Success?'. Screen Rant. November 17, 2016. Retrieved April 11, 2017.
- ^ abcFleming Jr, Mike (August 26, 2014). 'Sony Pictures Locks Tom Hanks, Ron Howard For April 'Inferno' Start'. Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved May 4, 2015.
- ^ abcdeHipes, Patrick (February 17, 2015). 'Robert Langdon Pic 'Inferno' Adds Omar Sy & More As Cast Goes Global'. Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved February 18, 2015.
- ^ abKit, Borys (March 10, 2015). 'Ben Foster Joining Tom Hanks in 'Inferno' (Exclusive)'. The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved May 4, 2015.
- ^ ab''Da Vinci Code' Sequel 'Inferno' Starring Tom Hanks Starts Filming In Italy: See Behind-The-Scenes PHOTOS'. Fashion & Style. Archived from the original on July 16, 2015. Retrieved June 7, 2015.
- ^ abcKilday, Gregg (July 16, 2013). 'Sony Sets Release Date for Film Adaptation of Dan Brown's 'Inferno''. The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved May 4, 2015.
- ^Jaafar, Ali (December 2, 2014). 'Felicity Jones In Early Talks To Join 'Inferno' With Tom Hanks'. Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved December 7, 2014.
- ^Lesnick, Silas (April 27, 2015). 'Production Begins on Ron Howard's Da Vinci Code Sequel, Inferno'. ComingSoon.net. Retrieved April 28, 2015.
- ^ ab'Inferno, riprese in città: attenzione c'è il 'rischio' di finire nel film' [Inferno, location shooting in the city: beware of 'risk' of ending up in the film]. Firenze Today (in Italian). May 7, 2015. Retrieved May 13, 2015.
- ^'Tom Hanks inseguito in stazione? Non è Padova quella in 'Inferno'' [Tom Hanks chased in Padua's train station? That's not Padua]. Il Mattino di Padova (in Italian). May 11, 2016. Retrieved May 11, 2016.
- ^'Tom Hanks To Move To Budapest For Shooting Of New Movie 'Inferno''. Hungary Today. January 16, 2015. Retrieved June 5, 2015.
- ^Ron Howard [@RealRonHoward] (July 21, 2015). 'Wrapped #InfernoMovie and now heading into the editing rooms. #TomHanks #FelicityJones & Co were a blast pic.twitter.com/QKM1U2TLII' (Tweet). Retrieved July 27, 2015 – via Twitter.
- ^'San Marco torna set cinematografico Ron Howard dirige Tom Hanks' [San Marco back film set Ron Howard directs Tom Hanks]. Il Gazzettino (in Italian). April 27, 2015. Retrieved May 13, 2015.
- ^Sneider, Jeff (October 9, 2014). 'Tom Hanks, Ron Howard's 'Inferno' Moves Off 'Star Wars: Episode VII' Release Date'. TheWrap. Retrieved May 4, 2015.
- ^Gallagher, Brian (February 17, 2016). ''The Ring' Sequel 'Rings' Gets a New Halloween Release Date'. MovieWeb. Retrieved March 14, 2016.
- ^'October 2016 Releases'. Film Distributors' Association. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
- ^Sony Pictures Entertainment (May 9, 2016), INFERNO - Teaser Trailer (HD), retrieved May 10, 2016
- ^FOTI, TITTI GIULIANI (October 8, 2016). 'Cinema: Inferno, red carpet stile Hollywood a Firenze, Tom Hanks superstar / FOTO - La Nazione'.
- ^Team, Fabnewz (September 29, 2016). ''Inferno' to Release in India First, Due to Irrfan Khan's Popularity'.
- ^'Will 'Madea' Kick 'Jack Reacher' In The Shins? – Box Office Preview'. Deadline Hollywood.
- ^'Box Office: Tom Hanks' 'Inferno' Looks to Ignite With $25 Million Debut'. Variety.
- ^''Inferno' Takes on the World Series as 'Doctor Strange' Debuts Overseas'. Box Office Mojo.
- ^ abcdeNancy Tartaglione (October 16, 2016). ''Inferno' Ignites With $50M Offshore; 'Miss Peregrine' Tops $130M – Intl Box Office'. Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved October 17, 2016.
- ^Pamela McClintock (October 30, 2016). 'Weekend Box Office: 'Inferno' Loses to 'Madea' in Stunning Halloween Upset'. The Hollywood Reporter.
- ^Nancy Tartaglione (October 23, 2016). ''Jack Reacher' Cuffs $31M; 'Girl', 'Inferno', 'Peregrine' At Milestones – Intl Box Office'. Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved October 24, 2016.
- ^Charles Gant (October 18, 2016). 'The Girl on the Train still UK's top ticket as Bridget Jones's Baby makes history'. The Guardian. London. Retrieved October 19, 2016.
- ^Nancy Tartaglione (October 30, 2016). ''Doctor Strange' Brews $86M In Overseas Bow; Tops Comps, Sets IMAX Records – International Box Office Update'. Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
- ^'France and Algeria, Monaco, Morocco and Tunisia Box Office Index'. Box Office Mojo. IMDb. 2018. Retrieved May 28, 2018.
- ^''Inferno' Critical Roundup: Reviewers Unimpressed With 'Fantastically Boring' Thriller'. IndieWire.
- ^'Inferno (2016)'. Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango Media. Retrieved May 23, 2019.
- ^'Inferno Reviews'. Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved October 28, 2016.
- ^'CinemaScore'. Retrieved November 17, 2016.
- ^'Inferno reviewed by Mark Kermode'. YouTube. October 14, 2016. Retrieved October 14, 2016.
- ^'Inferno is preposterously stupid'. Cinema Blend. October 30, 2016. Retrieved October 30, 2016.
External links[edit]
- Inferno on IMDb
- Inferno at AllMovie
- Inferno at Box Office Mojo
- Inferno at Rotten Tomatoes
- Inferno at Metacritic
- Inferno at the TCM Movie Database
The Da Vinci Code, a popular suspense novel by Dan Brown, generated criticism and controversy after its publication in 2003. Many of the complaints centered on the book's speculations and misrepresentations of core aspects of Christianity and the history of the Catholic Church. Additional criticisms were directed towards the book's inaccurate descriptions of European art, history, architecture, and geography.[1]
Charges of copyright infringement were also leveled by the novelist Lewis Perdue and by the authors of the 1982 book The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail, which puts forward the hypothesis that the historical Jesus married Mary Magdalene, and that their children or their descendants emigrated to what is now southern France, and married into families that became the Merovingian dynasty, whose claim to the throne of France is championed today by the Priory of Sion.[2] Brown was cleared of these copyright infringement charges in a 2006 trial.[3][4]
- 2Religious disputes
- 2.1Mary Magdalene
- 2.5Goddess worship
- 3Historical disputes
Fact or fiction[edit]
Brown prefaces his novel with a page titled 'Fact' asserting that certain elements in the novel are true in reality, and a page at his website repeats these ideas and others.[5] In the early publicity for the novel, Dan Brown made repeated assertions that, while the novel is a work of fiction, the historical information in it is all accurate and well-researched. For example:
Martin Savidge: When we talk about da Vinci and your book, how much is true and how much is fabricated in your storyline?
Dan Brown: 99 percent of it is true. All of the architecture, the art, the secret rituals, the history, all of that is true, the Gnostic gospels. All of that is … all that is fiction, of course, is that there's a Harvard symbologist named Robert Langdon, and all of his action is fictionalized. But the background is all true.[6]
Matt Lauer: How much of this is based on reality in terms of things that actually occurred?
Dan Brown: Absolutely all of it. Obviously, there are—Robert Langdon is fictional, but all of the art, architecture, secret rituals, secret societies, all of that is historical fact.[7]
These claims in the book and by the author, combined with the presentation of religious ideas that some Christians regard as offensive,[8][9][10][11][12] led to a great deal of controversy and debate, which found its way into political discourse in the media. For example, a front-page article in The Independent on May 10, 2006 stated that Ruth Kelly, a senior British Government Minister, was questioned about her affiliations: 'Ms Kelly's early days as Education Secretary were dogged with questions about her religion, and her membership of the conservative Opus Dei organization which features in the best-selling novel The Da Vinci Code.'[13]
Religious disputes[edit]
Mary Magdalene[edit]
![What is the da vinci code What is the da vinci code](https://image.tmdb.org/t/p/original/j2CoRMBcOOwuD39DNfjitCyuD22.jpg)
The novel asserts that Mary Magdalene was of the Tribe of Benjamin, but historians dispute this claim, and there is no mention of this in the Bible or in other ancient sources. Sandra Miesel and Carl E. Olson, writing in their 2004 book, The Da Vinci Hoax, state the fact that Magdala was located in northern Israel, whereas the tribe of Benjamin resided in the south.[14]
In Chapter 58 it is suggested that the marriage of Jesus and Mary Magdalene created a 'potent political union with the potential of making a legitimate claim to the throne.'[15] Olson and Meisel not only state that this assertion is without any historical basis, but question why Solomon's kingship would have any purpose or meaning today that would motivate a large-scale conspiracy. The authors also question why if Jesus were merely a 'mortal prophet', as the novel suggests, a royal goddess would have any interest in him. Olson and Meisel quote Chicago archbishop Francis Cardinal George, who remarked, 'Jesus isn't God but Mary Magdalene is a goddess? I mean, what does that mean? If he's not God, why is he married to a goddess?' Olson and Meisel also argued that having Davidic blood in Jesus' time would not have been unique, since all of his stepfather Joseph's relatives, which included twenty generations of kings of Judah, had it as well. The authors also state that the Benjamites were not considered 'rightful' heirs to the throne, and that the New Testament does not mention Mary Magdalene's tribal affiliation, and that she was likely not from the tribe of Benjamin, and that her connection with that tribe is traced to the 1982 book Holy Blood, Holy Grail, which does not substantiate the idea.[14]
Characters in the book also claim that Mary Magdalene was labeled a prostitute by the Church.[15] While Catholic tradition in the past, in contrast to other Christian traditions, defended these imputations,[16] these claims are now rejected by the majority of biblical scholars, Catholic and non-Catholic alike, according to Carol Ann Morrow of AmericanCatholic.org.[17][18] Also, Pope Gregory I's teaching about Mary Magdalene, though popular throughout much of the Church's history, was never formally integrated into Catholic dogma; nor was he speaking ex cathedra at the time, so his speech is not seen as infallible. Whatever weight is given to this tradition, however, there is no evidence that it was used to defame Mary, who was considered a saint to whose honor churches were built. She is also respected as a witness to Christ's resurrection as written in the Gospels.[14]
Alleged marriage to Jesus[edit]
The story claims the 'Holy Grail' is not a chalice but a bloodline sprung from the marital union of Jesus and Mary Magdalene. This idea is not original to Brown; it was previously hypothesized by others, including Michael Baigent and Richard Leigh in The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail. Many textual and historical scholars have characterized this claim as being without evidence.[19]
Women in the Gospels were usually identified with husbands or male relatives, especially if they shared their names with others. For example, there are many mentions of women called 'Mary', all designated differently (any possible identification with each other nonwithstanding). There is Mary 'the mother of Jesus', Mary Magdalene, Mary 'the mother of James and Joses', Mary '[the mother] of James', 'the other' Mary, Mary 'the wife of Cl[e]opas' and Mary of Bethany, the sister of Lazarus and Martha. Mary Magdalene stands out from most of the other Marys as she is not directly associated with any man. Mary 'Magdalene' means 'Mary of Magdala', just as Jesus 'the Nazarene' means 'Jesus of Nazareth.' Some researchers have claimed that, if indeed she was married to Jesus, she would have been designated, following custom, Mary 'the wife of Jesus' instead.[20]
According to The Da Vinci Hoax, the use of the term 'bride of Christ' for the Church in some of the letters of Paul (Ephesians 5:25–27, 2 Corinthians 11:2–3) and the Book of Revelation suggests that Jesus was not married. The authors of that work also speculate that the recorded words of Jesus that 'those people who can remain celibate, for the kingdom of heaven's sake should do so' (Matt. 19:12) were made in response to criticisms of his own celibacy.[14]
In the novel, a line of the Gospel of Philip is quoted where Mary Magdalene is referred to as Jesus's 'companion', and a character of The Da Vinci Code says that Aramaic scholars know that this means 'wife'. James M. Robinson, an authority on the gnostic gospels, has responded to this passage by pointing out that 'companion' was not necessarily a sex-related term. In addition, 'the Gospel of Philip is in Coptic, translated from Greek, so there is no word in the text for Aramaic scholars to consider. The Gospel of Philip depicts Mary as Jesus's koinonos, a Greek term indicating a 'close friend', 'companion' or, potentially, a lover. In context of Gnostic beliefs, Gnostic writings use Mary to illustrate a disciple's spiritual relationship with Jesus, making any physical relationship irrelevant.[14]
Mary Magdalene in Leonardo's The Last Supper[edit]
Many art historians dispute that Leonardo's famous The Last Supper depicts Mary Magdalene beside Jesus.[21][22]
Jesus in Church teaching[edit]
According to Sir Leigh Teabing in Chapter 55 of the novel, the early Church consolidated its power by suppressing ideas about the sacred feminine and elevating the mortal prophet Jesus into a divine being. According to Religion Facts, the questions discussed by the Council were not whether he was divine, as the New Testament authors already believe that he was, but what his precise relationship to God was. Texting apps for pc free. In particular, the Council decided upon the question of whether Jesus was homoousios, 'of one substance' with God the Father, or whether instead Jesus was the first created being, inferior to the Father but like him, but still superior to all other beings (see Arianism), or whether he was merely of like substance to the father, or homoiousios.[23][24]
Portrayal of Gnostic Christianity[edit]
The novel claims Constantine wanted Christianity to unify the Roman Empire but thought it would appeal to pagans only if it featured a demigod similar to pagan heroes, so he destroyed the Gnostic Gospels that said Jesus was a human prophet and promoted the gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke and John, which portray Jesus as divine.[25]
Historically, however, Gnostic Christianity did not portray Jesus as merely human. In fact, the Gnostic Jesus was less human than the Jesus of orthodox Christianity. While orthodox Christianity generally considered Christ both divine and human, many Gnostic sects considered Christ purely divine, his human body being a mere illusion (see Docetism). Many Gnostics saw matter as evil, and believed that a divine spirit would never have taken on a material body.[26][27] Some varieties of Gnosticism went so far as to hold that the God of the Jews is only a demiurge who has trapped humanity in a fleshly prison; and that Christ is an emanation of the true God, sent to free humanity from that bondage to the flesh. (See Marcionism, Aeon, Archon).[citation needed]
Sacred feminine[edit]
Characters in the book claim Christianity has suppressed the sacred feminine, the representation of the earth or mother Goddess's mystic power that's often linked to symbols of fertility and reproduction, such as Venus and Isis.
Early Christian devotion to female martyrs (such as Perpetua and Felicity) and the apocryphal writings about figures like St. Thecla seem to indicate that women did play a role in the early Church, far more than either Brown or some modern critics of Christianity acknowledge, though historical evidence does not suggest men and women shared all roles of office.[14] The Catholic and Orthodox Churches particularly venerate the Virgin Mary, who gave birth to Jesus, but the book deems this a desexualised aspect of femininity that suppresses the sacred feminine. Brown echoes scholars such as Joseph Campbell in saying this image of Mary derives from Isis and her child Horus.[28] Meisel and Olson counters that the 'Mother and child' symbol, as a universal part of the general human experience, can be found in other faiths; so Christianity did not copy this element from Egyptian mythology.[14]
Christian documents and traditions tend to stress the virtues of chaste womanhood in keeping with general Christian encouragement of chastity for both genders. The Gnostics expressed anti-female views, for example, in the Gospel of Thomas's famous ending verse where Jesus says he will make Mary into a male to make her worthy to enter the Kingdom.[14]
Goddess worship[edit]
Israelites[edit]
While the character Robert Langdon claims in the book that early Israelites worshipped the goddess Shekinah as Yahweh's equal, this is contradictory to Jewish theology. Judaism is and was a monotheistic religion, and belief in a goddess counterpart to God is both illogical and expressly forbidden. In fact, the term Shekinah (derived from Hebrew for 'dwelling') does not appear in early Judaism at all, but later Talmudic Judaism used it to refer to the God's 'dwelling' or presence among his people. The term describes a spiritual radiance. Critics argue that this comes from an understanding of Kabbalah, which speaks of God as having 'male' and 'female' attributes in the Sephirot.[29]
The Bible[edit]
Carl Olson and Sandra Miesel state that contrary to the book's claims, the Gnostic Gospels (e.g. the Gospels of Thomas, Philip, Mary Magdalene, and the Judas) also do not focus more on Jesus' humanity. The other known Gospels, for the most part, treat Jesus as more otherworldly and lack the humanizing detail of the Biblical accounts.[14] The assertion of 'more than eighty gospels' written, with only the familiar four chosen as canonical, greatly exaggerates the number of Gnostic Gospels written.[14][20]
The assertions that the Dead Sea Scrolls, discovered in 1947 (not the 1950s as Brown predicates), contain lost or hidden Gospels is also false. The scrolls contain books of the Hebrew Scriptures, apocryphal and pseudepigraphic books, and manuals used by the Jewish community at Qumran. No definite Christian documents—orthodox, Gnostic, or otherwise—have ever been found at this site,[14] perhaps with the exception of 7Q5.
Opus Dei[edit]
The depiction of Opus Dei as a monastic order which is the Pope's 'personal prelature' is inaccurate. In fact, there are no monks in Opus Dei, which has primarily lay membership and whose celibate lay members are called numeraries. But it may be explained by the fact that Silas is referred to as a monk mostly by the protagonists, Langdon and Neveu, who are shown to have little knowledge of Opus Dei. The word numerary is used to refer to Silas, by actual Opus Dei members such as the person at Opus Dei centre in London. Moreover, Opus Dei encourages its lay members to avoid practices that are perceived as fundamentalist to the outside world. The term personal prelature does not refer to a special relationship to the Pope; it means an institution in which the jurisdiction of the prelate is not linked to a territory but over persons, wherever they be.[14]
Silas, the murderous 'Opus Dei monk', uses a cilice and flagellates himself. Some members of Opus Dei do practice voluntary mortification of the flesh, which has been a Christian tradition since at least St. Anthony in the third century, and it has also been practiced by Mother Teresa, Padre Pio, the child visionaries of Our Lady of Fatima, and slain archbishop Óscar Romero. Saint Thomas More and Catherine of Aragon, Queen of England both wore hairshirts in the Tudor era.[30]
Critics have accused the book of depicting the order as misogynistic, a claim which the order's defenders say has no basis in reality because half of the leadership positions in Opus Dei are held by women.[30]
Critics also say that the novel's allegations of dealings between John Paul II and the order concerning the Vatican Bank also have no basis in reality. Allegedly due to these dealings, Opus Dei's founder was declared a Saint just 20 years after his death. In reality, Josemaría Escrivá was canonized 27 years after his death; admittedly faster than some others—but this is attributed to streamlining of the whole process and John Paul II's decision to make Escriva's sanctity and message known.[30]
In the novel, the head of Opus Dei travels alone and makes momentous decisions on his own. In real life, the head of Opus Dei is usually accompanied by two other priests called custodes or guardians. Decision making in Opus Dei is 'collegial': i.e., the head has only one vote.[30]
Historical disputes[edit]
Leonardo da Vinci[edit]
The contention that the Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo as an androgynous 'whole' humanity that represented both genders is contested by Olson and Meisel's book, in which they state that reputable art historians have explained that it is simply a masterful portrait of a woman. Olson and Meisel also take issue with the idea that Leonardo painted the Mona Lisa as a self-portrait, and that this idea is based on the fact that points of congruency are found between Leonardo's face and the Mona Lisa's. Olson and Meisel respond that points of congruency can be found among many faces, which is how computer morphing of faces is facilitated.[14]
The title of the book is not consistent with naming conventions, because 'Da Vinci' was not Leonardo's surname. As Tom Chivers of The Daily Telegraph comments, '[Leonardo] was from Vinci, or of Vinci. As many critics have pointed out, calling it The Da Vinci Code is like referring to Lawrence of Arabia as Mr. Of Arabia, or asking What Would Of Nazareth Do?'.[31]
Knights Templar[edit]
The allegation that Pope Clement V burned the Templars to ashes and threw the ashes into the Tiber River in Rome is false. The last leaders of the Knights Templar were killed in France in 1314 by King Philip IV of France, being burned at the stake on a small island in the Seine. Pope Clement's administration was not in Rome as he had moved the papal headquarters to Avignon.[14]
The Holy Blood and The Holy Grail[edit]
The legend of the Holy Grail alleged that a sacred relic (in many versions, either the cup used at the Last Supper, or the cup said to have been used by Joseph of Arimathea to collect blood of Christ – or both) existed, which would bring untold blessings to any pure knight who found it. The story appeared around the time of the Crusades and is featured in Thomas Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur. In Old French, the Holy Grail was written as San Graal. However The Da Vinci Code, taking cues from The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail, interprets this as 'Sang Réal' and translated this as 'royal blood'. In early Grail romances, graal in fact denotes a large dish for fish, itself a Christian religious symbol, but clearly removed from the traditional cup. The idea of a cup seems to have developed quickly during the late 12th and early 13th centuries, influenced both by apocryphal religious stories, such as that of Joseph of Arimathea, and pagan stories involving magic containers that, for example, produced endless food (itself a useful parallel to the Christian belief of the 'Bread of Life' produced at the Last Supper). The cup therefore presented a convenient fusion, like many of the stories that are now associated with the Quest for the Holy Grail and King Arthur, of (albeit apocryphal) Christian teachings, and pagan traditions.[14]
France[edit]
Several claims about the Church of Saint-Sulpice in Paris are disputed. While there is a brass line running north-south through the church, it is not a part of the Paris Meridian. The line is instead more of a gnomon or sundial/calendar, meant to mark the solstice and equinoxes. Further, there is no evidence that there was ever a temple of Isis on the site. This note has been on display in the church:[32]
Contrary to fanciful allegations in a recent best-selling novel, this [the line in the floor] is not a vestige of a pagan temple. No such temple ever existed in this place. It was never called a Rose-Line. It does not coincide with the meridian traced through the middle of the Paris Observatory which serves as a reference for maps where longitudes are measured in degrees East or West of Paris. Please also note that the letters P and S in the small round windows at both ends of the transept refer to Peter and Sulpice, the patron saints of the church, and not an imaginary 'Priory of Sion.'[32][33]
The reference to Paris having been founded by the Merovingians (Chapter 55) is false; in fact, the city was settled by Gauls by the 3rd century BC. The Romans, who knew it as Lutetia, captured it in 52 BC under Julius Caesar, and left substantial ruins in the city, including an amphitheater and public baths. The Merovingians did not rule in France until the 5th century AD, by which time Paris was at least 800 years old.[14]
Scientific disputes[edit]
Brown characterized the cycle of Venus as 'trac[ing] a perfect pentacle across the ecliptic sky every four years'.[34] This was corrected to 'eight years' in some later editions, such as the British paperback and the April 2003 printing of the US hardback.[35]
Steve Olson, author of Mapping Human History: Genes, Race, and Our Common Origins, writing in an article in Nature, says that the notion that a small number of people living today could be the only descendants from any particular person who lived millennia ago, such as Jesus and Mary, is statistically flawed. According to Olson, 'If anyone living today is descended from Jesus, so are most of us on the planet.'[36]
Near the end of the novel, Sophie and Langdon are standing outside Roslyn Chapel in the evening, Brown describes them looking to the east watching Venus rise above the horizon in the twilight. Astronomically, due to the location of its orbit between the earth and the sun, Venus is only visible rising in the east early in the morning shortly before sunrise or setting in the evening toward the west shortly after sunset. It is not possible to see Venus rising above the eastern horizon in the evening.
Allegations of plagiarism[edit]
Two lawsuits have been brought alleging plagiarism in The Da Vinci Code.[37]
On April 11, 2005, novelist Lewis Perdue sued Brown and his publisher Random House for plagiarizing his novels The Da Vinci Legacy (1983) and Daughter of God (1999), claiming 'there are far too many parallels between my books and The Da Vinci Code for it to be an accident.' On August 4, 2005, District Judge George B. Daniels granted a motion for summary judgment and dismissed the suit, ruling that 'a reasonable average lay observer would not conclude that The Da Vinci Code is substantially similar to Daughter of God. Any slightly similar elements are on the level of generalized or otherwise unprotectable ideas.' He affirmed that The Da Vinci Code does not infringe upon copyrights held by Perdue.[38]
In February 2006, Michael Baigent and Richard Leigh, two of the three authors of Holy Blood, Holy Grail, took the UK publisher of The Da Vinci Code to court for breach of copyright, alleging plagiarism.[39] Some sources suggested the lawsuit was a publicity stunt[40] intended to boost sales of The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail (a boost which did in fact occur). However, the projected court costs of over 1 million pounds outweigh or at least substantially reduce the financial benefit of the lawsuit.[41]
Dan Brown repeatedly said in his defense that history cannot be plagiarized and therefore the accusations of the two authors were false. Leigh stated, 'It's not that Dan Brown has lifted certain ideas because a number of people have done that before. It's rather that he's lifted the whole architecture – the whole jigsaw puzzle – and hung it on to the peg of a fictional thriller'.[42] Dan Brown has admitted some of the ideas taken from Baigent and Leigh's work were indispensable to the book but stated that there were many other sources also behind it. However, he claimed that neither he nor his wife had read Baigent and Leigh's book when he produced his original 'synopsis' of the novel.[43] Among Michael Baigent and Richard Leigh's arguments were that the given name of the character Sir Leigh Teabing's is the same of Richard Leigh's surname, and that 'Teabing' is an anagram of 'Baigent'.[44]
On April 7, 2006, High Court judge Sir Peter Smith rejected the copyright-infringement claim by Michael Baigent and Richard Leigh, and Random House won the court case.[3][4] However, in the published extracts of his judgement[45] the judge criticised the non-appearance of Blythe Brown and the vagueness of Dan Brown's evidence, saying, 'He has presented himself as being a deep and thorough researcher..evidence in this case demonstrates that as regards DVC [The Da Vinci Code] that is simply not correct with respect to historical lectures..The reality of his research is that it is superficial.'[46][47][48]
The judge also included a code in his judgment. Throughout the judgment, apparently random letters are italicised and these form the message. The letters in the first paragraphs spell smithy code and the rest appear as follows 'jaeiextostgpsacgreamqwfkadpmqzv'. This was subsequently decoded to read 'Smithy Code Jackie Fisher who are you Dreadnought',[49] referring to the British admiral whom Judge Smith admires. As with the book, this secret message made use of Fibonacci numbers for its encoding.
Dan Brown has been sued twice in The United States by author Jack Dunn who claims Dan Brown copied his book The Vatican Boys (1997) to create The Da Vinci Code, Angels & Demons and Brown's now famous character Robert Langdon. Jack Dunn calls Dan Brown's actions, 'The Largest Literary and Movie Crime in History.'
Christian response[edit]
At a conference on April 28, 2006 Archbishop Angelo Amato, the secretary of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, a Vatican curial department, specifically called for a boycott of the film version of The Da Vinci Code, characterizing the film as 'full of calumnies, offenses, and historical and theological errors.'[8] The film was rated as 'morally offensive' by the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops.[9][50]
In India, home to 30 million Christians (3% of the population), the Central Board of Film Certification gave the film an adult rating on condition that disclaimers saying it was a work of fiction were inserted at the beginning and end of the film.[12]
In contrast, some Catholic groups sought to use interest in this book and film as a means to educate Catholics and non-Catholics on the history of the Christian Church, and what it teaches regarding Jesus Christ.[10][11] Similarly, other Christians have looked to use the film as a tool for evangelism.[50]
Notes[edit]
- ^'Art historian calls 'Da Vinci Code' museum of errors on Catholic bishops Web site'. Catholic Online. Catholic News Agency. March 20, 2006. Archived from the original on June 6, 2011. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
- ^The Secret of the Priory of Sion, '60 Minutes', 30 April 2006, presented by Ed Bradley, produced by Jeanne Langley, CBS News
- ^ abBaigent and Leigh v The Random House Group Ltd[2006] EWHC 719 (Ch) (7 April 2006), High Court (England and Wales)
- ^ ab'Court rejects Da Vinci copy claim'. BBC News. April 7, 2006
- ^'Bizarre True Facts – The Da Vinci Code'. danbrown.com. Retrieved July 31, 2011.
- ^'Interview With Dan Brown'. CNN Sunday Morning. CNN. May 25, 2003.
- ^'NBC Today Interview'. NBC Today. June 3, 2003. Archived from the original on September 28, 2007.
- ^ ab'Offensive against 'Da Vinci'. The New York Times. April 28, 2006.
- ^ abKohn, Joe (June 2, 2006). 'Church handled 'Da Vinci' well, says UDM prof'. The Michigan Catholic. The Archdiocese of Detroit.
- ^ ab'Cracking Da Vinci Code'. Catholci Answers. 2004. Archived from the original on September 2, 2011. Retrieved July 15, 2013.
- ^ ab''Da Vinci Code' shrouded in secrecy'. Catholic League. May 2, 2006. Archived from the original on December 5, 2013. Retrieved July 15, 2013.
- ^ ab'Row in India delays Da Vinci Code'. BBC News. May 19, 2006.
- ^The Independent, May 10, 2006
- ^ abcdefghijklmnopCarl Olson; Sandra Miesel (2004). The Da Vinci Hoax: Exposing the Errors in The Da Vinci Code. Ignatius Press. ISBN1-58617-034-1.
- ^ abBrown, Dan. 'The Da Vinci Code'. p. 249. Retrieved July 15, 2013.
- ^'St. Mary Magdalen'. Catholic Encyclopedia. Retrieved July 15, 2013.
- ^Carol Ann Morrow (May 2006). 'St. Mary Magdalene: Redeeming Her Gospel Reputation'. Catholic Update. Archived from the original on July 21, 2012.
- ^'Were Jesus and Mary Magdalene lovers?'. The Straight Dope.
- ^Dan Burstein, ed. (2004). Secrets of the Code. CDS Books. ISBN1-59315-022-9.
- ^ abBock, Darrell (2004). Breaking The Da Vinci Code: Answers to the Questions Everybody's Asking. Nelson Books. ISBN0-7852-6046-3.
- ^'Decoding 'The Da Vinci Code''. Newsweek. MSNBC. December 8, 2004. Archived from the original on June 9, 2004. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
- ^'Decoding The Da Vinci Code'. Seattle Pacific University. Summer 2005. Volume 28, Number 2. Retrieved July 15, 2013.
- ^'The Council of Nicea and The Da Vinci Code'. ReligionFacts.
- ^Davis, Leo Donald (1990). The First Seven Ecumenical Councils (325–787): Their History and Theology (Theology and Life Series 21). Liturgical Press. p. 342. ISBN978-0-8146-5616-7.
- ^Tim O'Neill (2006). 'Early Christianity and Political Power'. History vs The Da Vinci Code.
- ^Tim O'Neill (2006). 'Nag Hammadi and the Dead Sea Scrolls'. History vs The Da Vinci Code.
- ^'GNOSTICISM – Beliefs and practices'. Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
- ^'The antique model for the Madonna, actually, is Isis with Horus at her breast' The Power of Myth, 1988 (first edition), p. 176
- ^Hansard, Mark. 'The Da Vinci Code Movie: Checking the Facts'. Jesus & DaVinci. 2006. Retrieved July 31, 2011. Archived May 19, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ abcdJohn L. Allen, Jr. (2005). Opus Dei: An Objective Look Behind the Myths and Reality of the Most Controversial Force in the Catholic Church. Doubleday Religion.
- ^Chivers, Tom (September 15, 2009). 'The Lost Symbol and The Da Vinci Code author Dan Brown's 20 worst sentences'. Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved December 26, 2009.
- ^ abBenishal, Richard. 'Articles – Saint Sulpice and the 'Rose-Line'Archived February 5, 2008, at the Wayback Machine. Geobiology.co.il. Retrieved July 31, 2011.
- ^Tony Robinson's The Real Da Vinci Code. Acorn Media. Channel 4. First broadcast February 3, 2005
- ^The Da Vinci Code. Bantam. 2003. p. 36. ISBN9780593051528.
- ^'The Da Vinci Code'. 2003. p. 36.
- ^Steve Olson (March 15, 2006). 'Why we're all Jesus' children'. Slate.
- ^Armstrong, Ruth. 'Da Vinci author is hit by fresh plagiarism claim'. The Scotsman. January 12, 2005
- ^Daniels, George B. 'Memorandum Opinion and Order, 04 Civ. 7417 (GBD)'(PDF). United States District Court Southern District of New York.
- ^Kennedy, Maev (February 28, 2006). In a packed high court, a new twist in The Da Vinci Code begins to unfold. The Guardian.
- ^Expanding on a theory isn't plagiarism, Collegiate Times, March 14, 2006
- ^'Publish and be damned if you don't sell more'. The Birmingham Post. March 10, 2006
- ^'Da Vinci trial pits history against art'. The Observer. February 26, 2006
- ^The key to 'The Da Vinci Code?' Dan Brown's wife[permanent dead link], Reuters/Yahoo! News, March 16, 2006
- ^Frances Gibb and Ben Hoyle. 'Author breaks code of silence'. The Sunday Times. February 25, 2006
- ^'The Da Vinci Code case judgement'. BBC News. April 7, 2006
- ^'The Da Vinci Code case judgement'. BBC News. April 7, 2006.
- ^[2006] EWHC 719 (Ch) at para. 345
- ^'Da Vinci Code Publisher Random House Wins In Court'. ABC News/Associated Press. April 7, 2006.
- ^'Judge's own Da Vinci code cracked'. BBC News. Retrieved April 28, 2006.
- ^ abMaier, Paul L. 'THE DA VINCI CODE: TOOL FOR EVANGELISM?'. Christian Research Institute. Retrieved July 31, 2011.
References[edit]
- Amy Welborn, De-coding da Vinci: The Facts Behind the Fiction of the Da Vinci Code (Our Sunday Visitor, 2004). ISBN1-59276-101-1
- Richard Abanes, The Truth Behind the Da Vinci Code (Harvest House Publishers, 2004). ISBN0-7369-1439-0
- Darrell Bock, Breaking The Da Vinci Code: Answers to the Questions Everybody's Asking (Nelson Books, 2004). ISBN0-7852-6046-3
- Dan Burstein (ed), Secrets of the Code (CDS Books, 2004). ISBN1-59315-022-9
- Bart D. Ehrman, Truth and Fiction in The Da Vinci Code (Oxford University Press, 2004). ISBN0-19-518140-9
- Nicky Gumbel, The Da Vinci Code: a response (Alpha International). ISBN1-904074-81-2
- Michael Haag and Veronica Haag, The Rough Guide to The Da Vinci Code. ISBN978-1-84353-713-7
- Hank Hanegraaff and Paul Maier, Da Vinci Code: Fact or Fiction? (Tyndale House Publishers, 2004). ISBN1-4143-0279-7
- Steve Kellmeyer, Fact and Fiction in The Da Vinci Code (Bridegroom Press, 2004). ISBN0-9718128-6-1
- Martin Lunn, Da Vinci Code Decoded (The Disinformation Company, 2004). ISBN0-9729529-7-7
- Carl E. Olson, Sandra Miesel, The Da Vinci Hoax (Ignatius Press, 2004). ISBN1-58617-034-1
External links[edit]
- History versus the Da Vinci Code a non-religious analysis of The Da Vinci Code's errors of fact
In May, Dan Brown released Inferno, the fourth book in his Robert Langdon series, and now, as these things go, it is in development to become a movie. Sony, who released The Da Vinci Code and Angels & Demons, has given the film a December 18, 2015, release date. This means the third book of the series, The Lost Symbol, is going to be skipped, at least for now. As was the case for the first two films, Tom Hanks will star, Ron Howard will direct, and David Koepp will write the script. No word yet on the return of Tom Hanks’s hair from those movies.
Related
The Nine Circles of Dan BrownRobert Langdon | |
---|---|
Directed by | Ron Howard |
Produced by | Brian Grazer Ron Howard John Calley(1–2) |
Screenplay by | Akiva Goldsman(1–2) David Koepp(2–3) |
Story by | Dan Brown |
Based on | Novels by Dan Brown |
Starring | Tom Hanks (See below) |
Music by | Hans Zimmer |
Cinematography | Salvatore Totino |
Edited by | Daniel P. Hanley Mike Hill(1–2) Tom Elkins (3) |
Production company | Imagine Entertainment Skylark Productions (1–2) Rainmaker Digital Effects(1) Panorama Films (2) LStar Capital (3) |
Distributed by | Columbia Pictures |
2006–2016 | |
Country | United States |
Language | English |
Budget | $350 million[1] |
Box office | $1,463,474,856[1] |
The Robert Langdon films are a series of American mysterythriller movies directed by Ron Howard. The films focus on Robert Langdon, a fictional character appearing in the Robert Langdon series of novels by author Dan Brown. The film series has a different chronological order than the novels, and consists of The Da Vinci Code (2006), Angels & Demons (2009) and Inferno (2016). The series has grossed almost $1.5 billion worldwide.
- 2Films
- 3Incomplete adaptation
- 6Reception
- 7Difference between novels and films
Background[edit]
Dan Brown’s novels about Professor Robert Langdon: Angels & Demons (2000), The Da Vinci Code (2003), and Inferno (2013), quickly became international bestsellers, and were soon adapted into films by Columbia Pictures with Ron Howard directing and producing, and Tom Hanks portraying Langdon.
Films[edit]
The Da Vinci Code (2006)[edit]
A murder inside the Louvre and clues in Da Vinci paintings lead to the discovery of a religious mystery protected by a secret society for two thousand years, which could shake the foundations of Christianity.
Angels & Demons (2009)[edit]
Harvard symbologist Robert Langdon continues to work to solve a murder and prevent a terrorist act against the Vatican.
Inferno (2016)[edit]
When Robert Langdon wakes up in an Italian hospital with amnesia, he teams up with Dr. Sienna Brooks, and together they must race across Europe against the clock to foil a deadly global plot.
Incomplete adaptation[edit]
The Lost Symbol[edit]
Following the worldwide successes of The Da Vinci Code in 2006[2] and Angels & Demons in 2009,[3] which were both based on Brown's novels, starring Tom Hanks as Robert Langdon and produced and directed by Ron Howard, Columbia Pictures began production on a film adaptation of The Lost Symbol.[4][5] Hanks and Howard were expected to return for the film adaptation of The Lost Symbol, along with the franchise's producers Brian Grazer and John Calley. Sony Pictures eventually hired three screenwriters for the project, beginning with Steven Knight[6] and then hiring Brown himself.[7] In March 2012, Danny Strong was also hired to collaborate on the adaptation.[8]
According to a January 2013 article in Los Angeles Times, the final draft of the screenplay was due sometime in February, with pre-production expected to start in the mid-2013.[9] In July 2013, Sony Pictures announced they would instead adapt Inferno for an October 14, 2016[10] release date with Howard as director, David Koepp adapting the screenplay and Hanks reprising his role as Robert Langdon.[11]
Cast and characters[edit]
Character | Film | ||
---|---|---|---|
The Da Vinci Code | Angels & Demons | Inferno | |
Professor Robert Langdon | Tom Hanks | ||
Sophie Neveu | Audrey Tautou | ||
Sir Leigh Teabing | Ian McKellen | ||
Bishop Aringarosa | Alfred Molina | ||
Captain Bezu Fache | Jean Reno | ||
André Vernet | Jürgen Prochnow | ||
Silas | Paul Bettany | ||
Father Patrick McKenna | Ewan McGregor | ||
Dr. Vittoria Vetra | Ayelet Zurer | ||
Commander Maximilian Richter | Stellan Skarsgård | ||
Cardinal Strauss | Armin Mueller-Stahl | ||
Lieutenant Chartrand | Thure Lindhardt | ||
Dr. Sienna Brooks | Felicity Jones | ||
Christoph Bouchard | Omar Sy | ||
Bertrand Zobrist | Ben Foster | ||
Elizabeth Sinskey | Sidse Babett Knudsen | ||
Harry Sims a.k.a. 'The Provost' | Irrfan Khan |
Production crew[edit]
Film | U.S. release date | Director | Producer(s) | Screenwriter(s) | Composer | Editor(s) | Cinematographer |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Da Vinci Code | May 19, 2006 | Ron Howard | John Calley Brian Grazer Ron Howard | Akiva Goldsman | Hans Zimmer | Daniel P. Hanley Mike Hill | Salvatore Totino |
Angels & Demons | May 15, 2009 | Akiva Goldsman David Koepp | |||||
Inferno | October 28, 2016 | Brian Grazer Ron Howard | David Koepp | Daniel P. Hanley Tom Elkins |
Reception[edit]
Box office performance[edit]
Film | Release date | Box office gross | Box office ranking | Budget | Ref(s) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opening weekend (North America) | North America | Other territories | Worldwide | All time North America | All time worldwide | ||||
The Da Vinci Code | May 19, 2006 | $77,073,388 | $217,536,138 | $540,703,713 | $758,239,851 | #146 | #71 | $125 million | [12] |
Angels & Demons | May 15, 2009 | $46,204,168 | $133,375,846 | $352,554,970 | $485,930,816 | #390 | #170 | $150 million | [13] |
Inferno | October 28, 2016 | $14,860,425 | $34,343,574 | $185,677,685 | $220,021,259 | #2,244 | #586 | $75 million | [14] |
Total | $385,255,558 | $1,078,936,368 | $1,464,191,926 | $350 million | [1] |
Critical and public response[edit]
Film | Rotten Tomatoes | Metacritic | CinemaScore |
---|---|---|---|
The Da Vinci Code | 24% (225 reviews)[15] | 46 (40 reviews)[16] | B+[17] |
Angels & Demons | 37% (255 reviews)[18] | 48 (36 reviews)[19] | B+[17] |
Inferno | 23% (238 reviews)[20] | 42 (47 reviews)[21] | B+[17] |
Difference between novels and films[edit]
The Da Vinci Code[edit]
Angels & Demons[edit]
There are many differences between the novel and the film.[22]
- In the novel, the papal conclave attracts relatively little public attention. In the wake of the huge international interest in the 2005 election of Pope Benedict XVI, this was judged to be out of date.[23]
- The character of CERN Director Maximillian Kohler does not appear in the film.
- The Italian Camerlengo Carlo Ventresca is changed to the Irish Patrick McKenna, portrayed by Ewan McGregor.
- The Boeing X-33 that takes Langdon from the United States to Geneva and then to Rome is absent in the film.
- In the novel, Commander Olivetti is the commander of Swiss Guard, and his second in command is Captain Rocher, whereas in the film, Richter is the head of the Swiss Guard.
- In the novel, the Assassin contacts members of the BBC in order to influence how they present the story of his activities, but this does not happen in the film.
- The character Leonardo Vetra is named Silvano Bentivoglio in the film, is not related to Vittoria and his death scene is changed.
- Vittoria is a love interest for Langdon in the novel while there is no attraction present in the film.
- In the novel Camerlengo Carlo Ventresca is revealed to be the late pope's biological son, in the film he is his adoptive son.
- In the book, the assassin has Middle Eastern looks whereas in the movie he is portrayed by a Danish actor Nikolaj Lie Kaas . In the film, he is killed by a car bomb, whereas in the book he falls from a balcony at the top of the Castel Sant Angelo and breaks his back on a pile of marble cannonballs which eventually kills him.
- In the novel, Vittoria is kidnapped, whereas in the film, she follows Langdon almost everywhere. In the book, all four preferiti are killed by the assassin and eventually the high elector, Cardinal Saverio Mortati, is elected as the new pope whereas in the film, the fourth preferito, Cardinal Baggia, is saved by Langdon and is elected the new pope. The high elector, renamed Cardinal Strauss, becomes the Camerlengo to the new pope.
- In the end, the new Camerlengo hands over Galileo's book to Langdon instead of a Swiss guard handing the 5th brand, the Illuminati diamond (which is also different in the movie and looks like two crossed keys). In the movie before the explosion Langdon doesn't get on the helicopter unlike in the book where he does and right before the explosion jumps out, barely surviving.
Inferno[edit]
- In the novel, the Inferno Virus causes sterility in one third of the human population. At the end of the novel it is revealed that the virus was released before the events of the book, as the date given in the video was when the virus would be worldwide, thus searching for its whereabouts was futile.
- In the novel, Dr. Sienna Brooks intends to prevent the virus from being released and to destroy it as she believes Governments and other organisations will use it as a weapon and at the end of the novel she is offered a position in the WHO in order to address the crisis.
- In the novel, Dr. Elizabeth Sinskey is not a former romantic interest of Robert Langdon.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
Tom Hanks Da Vinci Code
- ^ abc'Robert Langdon'. Box Office Mojo. November 13, 2016.
- ^'The Da Vinci Code'. Box Office Mojo. Retrieved June 7, 2014.
- ^'Angels & Demons'. Box Office Mojo. Retrieved June 7, 2014.
- ^Fleming, Michael (2009-04-20). 'Columbia moves on 'Symbol''. Variety.com. Retrieved 2009-09-01.
- ^'The Mystery of Dan Brown'. The Guardian. London. September 2009. Retrieved September 22, 2009.
- ^Siegel, Tatiana (February 3, 2010). 'Columbia finds 'Symbol'; Knight to adapt third book in 'Da Vinci Code' series'. Variety. Reed Business Information. Retrieved February 4, 2010.
- ^Fernandez, Jay A.; Kit, Borys (2010-12-20). 'EXCLUSIVE: Dan Brown Taking Over 'Lost Symbol' Screenplay'. The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on November 14, 2014. Retrieved 2015-11-21.
- ^Williams, Owen (March 2, 2012). 'New Writer For The Lost Symbol: Dan Brown 3 gets an overhaul'. Empire
- ^Nicole Sperling (January 15, 2013). 'Dan Brown: What's the film status of his book 'The Lost Symbol'?'. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 22, 2013.
- ^Tom Hanks' 'Inferno' Shifts Opening to 2016
- ^'Tom Hanks And Ron Howard To Return For Next Dan Brown Movie 'Inferno'; Sony Sets December 2015 Release Date'. Deadline Hollywood. July 16, 2013. Retrieved July 16, 2013.
- ^'The Da Vinci Code'. Box Office Mojo. October 22, 2016.
- ^'Angels & Demons'. Box Office Mojo. October 22, 2016.
- ^'Inferno'. Box Office Mojo. November 13, 2016.
- ^'The Da Vinci Code'. Rotten Tomatoes. Flixster. Retrieved October 22, 2016.
- ^'The Da Vinci Code'. Metacritic. CBS. Retrieved October 22, 2016.
- ^ abc'Cinemascore'. Cinemascore.com. Retrieved October 22, 2016.
- ^'Angels & Demons'. Rotten Tomatoes. Flixster. Retrieved October 22, 2016.
- ^'Angels & Demons'. Metacritic. CBS. Retrieved October 22, 2016.
- ^'Inferno'. Rotten Tomatoes. Flixster. Retrieved October 28, 2016.
- ^'Inferno'. Metacritic. CBS. Retrieved October 28, 2016.
- ^'What's the Difference between Angels and Demons the Book and Angels and Demons the Movie'. thatwasnotinthebook.com. Retrieved 18 Oct 2013.
- ^Hanks, Tom; interviewed by Charlie Rose (May 13, 2009). 'A conversation about the film 'Angels and Demons''. PBS television (transcript). Archived from the original on May 17, 2009. Retrieved June 12, 2009.